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Thermodynamics

By : Asad Ali Arshad


In these slides we will cover the following topic in detail so for the complete description download the given slides.
What is a turbo machine?
A device that exchanges energy with the fluid, using continuously flowing fluid and rotating blades.
e.g Aircraft Engine, Wind Turbine.

  • If the device extract energy from fluid generally called as turbine. 
  • If the device deliver energy to fluid generally called as pump.

turbo machinery is the generic name of all these machines.
Nozzles?
A nozzle is a duct of smoothly varying cross section area in which a steadily flowing fluid can be made to accelerate by a pressure drop along the duct. Nozzles are used in steam turbines, in rockets,in injector and ejector etc.
Diffuser ?
When a fluid is decelerated in a duct causing a rise in pressure along the steam. e.g centrifugal pump etc.
Description of following topic is available in slides so for the detailed learning download the following slides.
  • Nozzles Shape
  • Critical Pressure Ratio
  • Critical Temperature Ratio
  • Critical Velocity
  • Maximum Mass Flow
  • Nozzle off the designed pressure ratio
  • CD Nozzles
  • Nozzle Efficency
  • Length of Nozzle
  • The Steam Nozzle
  • Stagnation Conditions





Ch-2 Thermo-II Sp-18-Week5.pdf

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Thernodynamics 2

By : Asad Ali Arshad







Ch-1 Thermo-II Week-3.pdf

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In this lecture we will discuss about.
  • What is a turbomachine?
  • Schematic of Jet Engine.
  • Nozzels

As you know nozzle is a duct of smoothly varying cross section area in which a steady flowing fluid can be made to accelerate by a pressure drop along the duct. e.g nozzles are used in steam and gas turbines, in jet engines, in rocket motors etc. 
In this lecture we will discuss the nozzle briefly.

  • Diffuser
When a fluid is decelerated in a duct, causing a rise in pressure along the stream. Its major applications are centrifugal pumps and ramjet.
  • We will also discuss diffuser briefly.
  • We have a long discussion on Nozzle Shape.
  • Convergent Divergent Nozzle.
  • Critical Pressure Drop
  • Critical Temperature Ratio
  • Critical Velocity
  • Maximum Mass Flow
  • Nozzle Off the design pressure ratio
  • Convergent Nozzle
  • Convergent Divergent Nozzle
  • Nozzle Efficency
  • Length of Nozzle
  • The Steam Nozzle
All of the above topics are discussed in detail in the above given slides.

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