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Thermodynamic

By : Asad Ali Arshad












Chapter no 7: Entropy
Entropy may be understood as the measure of disorder within the microscopic system.

chapter 7.pdf

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Book:
Thermodynamics: An Engineering Approach by Yunus A.Cengel, Michael A.Boled 5th Edition


In this chapter we will discuss the following topic and these topic are discussed in detail in the above slides.

  • The inequality of Clausius (for irreversible cycle and for reversible cycle).
  • Entropy A property of the system
  • Internally Reversible Isothermal Heat Transfer Processes
  • The increase of entropy priciple
  • Some remarks of about entropy 
  • Problems
  • Entropy of water
  • Entropy change of pure substances
  • Isentropic process
  • Property diagrams involving entropy
  • What is Entropy?
  • Entropy change of solids and liquids
  • Entropy change of ideal gases
  • Problems

Thermodynamics Past Paper

By : Asad Ali Arshad
Thermodynamics MCQs
Thermodynamics MCQs

Thermodynamics MCQs
Thermodynamics MCQs

Thermodynamics MCQs
Thermodynamics MCQs




Thermodynamics MCQs
Thermodynamics MCQs









Thermodynamics MCQs
Thermodynamics MCQs




Thermodynamics

By : Asad Ali Arshad
Thermodynamics Chapter no 6
Thermodynamics Chapter no 5

chapter 6.pdf

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Chapter No 6: The Second Law of Thermodynamics
We discussed the following topic in the above slides..
Introduction to second law
Thermal Energy Reservoir
Heat Engines
Refrigeration and Heat Pumps
The Second Law of thermodynamics : Clausius Statement
Equivalence of two statements
Perpetual-motion machines
Reversible and Irreversible processes
The Carnot Cycle
The Carnot Principle
The thermodynamics temperature scale
The Carnot Heat Engine
The Quality of Energy
Combined Gas-Steam Power Plants
Solar Pond


Thermodynamics

By : Asad Ali Arshad
Thermodynamics Lecture no 5
Thermodynamics

Chapter no 5:   Mass Energy Analysis of Control Volume

chapter 5.pdf

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In this chapter we will discussed the following topics in detail:

  • Energy Analysis of Steady flow
  • First law of thermodynamics for a Control Volume under steady flow
  • Mass and Energy balance for a steady-flow Process
  • Some Steady flow Engineering Devices
  • Turbines and Compressor
  • Throttling value
  • Heat Exchanger




Thermodynamics

By : Asad Ali Arshad
Chapter no 4 : Energy Analysis of Closed System


In this chapter we will cover the following topics:
  • Moving Boundary Work
  • Total Boundary Work its process and graph
  • Boundary work for a constant volume process isochoric
  • Boundary Work for a constant pressure process isobaric
  • Polytropic Process
  • Specific Heat 
  • Specific Heat at constant volume and pressure
  • Internal Energy, Enthalpy and Specific Heat for Ideal Gas

chapter 4.pdf

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Steam Tables_SI units

By : Asad Ali Arshad


Table A–1 Molar mass, gas constant, and
critical-point properties
Table A–2 Ideal-gas specific heats of various
common gases
Table A–3 Properties of common liquids, solids,
and foods
Table A–4 Saturated water—Temperature table
Table A–5 Saturated water—Pressure table
Table A–6 Superheated water
Table A–7 Compressed liquid water
Table A–8 Saturated ice–water vapor
Figure A–9 T-s diagram for water
Figure A–10 Mollier diagram for water
Table A–11 Saturated refrigerant-134a—
Temperature table
Table A–12 Saturated refrigerant-134a—
Pressure table
Table A–13 Superheated refrigerant-134a
Figure A–14 P-h diagram for refrigerant-134a
Figure A–15 Nelson–Obert generalized
compressibility chart
Table A–16 Properties of the atmosphere at high
altitude
Table A–17 Ideal-gas properties of air
Table A–18 Ideal-gas properties of nitrogen, N2
Table A–19 Ideal-gas properties of oxygen, O2
Table A–20 Ideal-gas properties of carbon dioxide,
CO2
Table A–21 Ideal-gas properties of carbon
monoxide, CO
Table A–22 Ideal-gas properties of hydrogen, H2
Table A–23 Ideal-gas properties of water vapor, H2O
Table A–24 Ideal-gas properties of monatomic
oxygen, O
Table A–25 Ideal-gas properties of hydroxyl, OH
Table A–26 Enthalpy of formation, Gibbs function
of formation, and absolute entropy at
25°C, 1 atm
Table A–27 Properties of some common fuels and
hydrocarbons
Table A–28 Natural logarithms of the equilibrium
constant Kp
Figure A–29 Generalized enthalpy departure chart
Figure A–30 Generalized entropy departure chart
Figure A–31 Psychrometric chart at 1 atm total
pressure
Table A–32 One-dimensional isentropic
compressible-flow functions
for an ideal gas with k 1.4
Table A–33 One-dimensional normal-shock
functions for an ideal gas with k  1.4
Table A–34 Rayleigh flow functions for an ideal
gas with k 1.4
All of the above mentioned tables are uploaded in the below attached file

Thermodynamic Steam Tables (1).pdf

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Steam Tables_English Units

By : Asad Ali Arshad

Table A–1E Molar mass, gas constant, and critical-point properties 948
Table A–2E Ideal-gas specific heats of various common gases 949
Table A–3E Properties of common liquids, solids, and foods 952
Table A–4E Saturated water—Temperature table 954
Table A–5E Saturated water—Pressure table 956
Table A–6E Superheated water 958
Table A–7E Compressed liquid water 962
Table A–8E Saturated ice–water vapor 963
Figure A–9E T-s diagram for water 964
Figure A–10E Mollier diagram for water 965
Table A–11E Saturated refrigerant-134a—Temperature table 966
Table A–12E Saturated refrigerant-134a—Pressure table 967
Table A–13E Superheated refrigerant-134a 968
Figure A–14E P-h diagram for refrigerant-134a 970
Table A–16E Properties of the atmosphere at high altitude 971
Table A–17E Ideal-gas properties of air 972
Table A–18E Ideal-gas properties of nitrogen, N2 974
Table A–19E Ideal-gas properties of oxygen, O2 976
Table A–20E Ideal-gas properties of carbon dioxide, CO2 978
Table A–21E Ideal-gas properties of carbon monoxide, CO 980
Table A–22E Ideal-gas properties of hydrogen, H2 982
Table A–23E Ideal-gas properties of water vapor, H2O 983
Table A–26E Enthalpy of formation, Gibbs function of formation, and
absolute entropy at 778C, 1 atm 985
Table A–27E Properties of some common fuels and hydrocarbons 986
Figure A–31E Psychrometric chart at 1 atm total pressure 987
All of the above mentioned tables are available in the below attached file.

Steam tables_EnglishUnits.pdf

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Thermodynamics

By : Asad Ali Arshad

Chapter no 3   :   Properties of Pure Substance

This chapter contain the following topics and in the given slides we will discuss these topics in details.
  • What is a Pure Substance?
  • Phases of Pure Substance.
  • Phases Change Process of Pure Substance.
  • Property Diagram for Phase Change Processes.
  • Properties of Pure Substance(This topic is the heart of this chapter and we will discussed it in a very detailed way).
  • Properties Tables.

chapter 3 (1).pdf

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Thermodynamics Tutorial

By : Asad Ali Arshad

In this tutorial lecture following topics are discussed here in the given slides below

Continum Approach
Density
Specific Volume
Specific Weight (also called as unit weight)
Specific Gravity
Equilibrium
State Postulate (The state of a simple compressible system is completely described by two independent,Intensive properties)
Process and Cycle
Quasi and Non Quasi
Zeroth law
Steady flow and Uniform
Graphs of Isobaric, isochoric and isothermal Process

 For more info related to any topic of thermodynamics you can comment here and for further lecture don't forget to follow the blog.

3rd-week-tutorial.pptx

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Thermodynamics Tutorial

By : Asad Ali Arshad

In the following slides we are going to discussed the following topics in detailed
  • Concept of Energy
  • Thermodynamics 
  • Application of thermodynamics
  • First and Second law of thermodynamics
  • System,Surrounding and boundary 
  • Closed, Open and Isolated System 
  • Different Units

Also some of the numericals related to above topics are also given in the slides for more information related to the thermodynamics you can also comment here and don't forget to follow the blog for more lectures



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2nd lecture of thermodynamics 

Thermodynamics

By : Asad Ali Arshad

Chapter no 2 : Energy,Energy transfer and General Energy Analysis.


If we take the entire room—including the air and the refrigerator (or fan)—as the SYSTEM, which is an
Adiabatic Closed System since the room is well-sealed and well-insulated, the only energy interaction
involved is the Electrical Energy crossing the system boundary and entering the room

  •  As a result of the conversion of Electric Energy consumed by the device to Heat  the room temperature will rise


  1. Image result for refrigerator as a closed system
Further more these slides cover the following topics

  • Form of Energy
  • Some Physical Insight to Internal Energy
  • Mechanical Energy
  • Energy Transfer by Heat
  • Energy Transfer by Work
  • Heat vs Work
  • The first law of themodynamics
  • The First Law of Thermodynamics for a Control Mass Undergoing a Cycle
  • The First Law of Thermodynamics for a Change In State of a Control Mass

In the slides a very detail description about these topics are given for learning these topics you shoult consult with the following slides and for further detail about the thermodynamics you should read the other lecture uploaded on this blog.

chapter 2.pdf

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Thermodynamics

By : Asad Ali Arshad

Chapter no 1     :    Thermodynamics and Energy

All living things depend on Energy for survival
Modern civilizations will continue to thrive only if existing source of energy can be developed to meet the Growing demands.
Energy exist in many Forms: From energy Locked in the atoms of matter itself to the intense radiant energy emitted by the Sun.
In this chapter we will discussed the following topics in detailed.

  • What is Thermodynamics?
  • Energy and its forms?
  • Thermodynamics and Energy?
  • Fundamental Concepts of Thermodynamics
  • Macroscopic vs microscopic points of view.
  • Conversion of energy from on form to other
  • Classical Thermodynamics and Statistic Thermodynamics
  • Application area of thermodynamics
  • System and Control Volume (Open,closed and isolated system)
  • Concept of Continum
  • Laws of themodynamics
  • Temperature scale and Pressure?
Click on the following link for preview in Google drive....
A lot more description related to the above topics will be discussed here..



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