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Reynolds Number

By : Asad Ali Arshad
The Reynolds number is undoubtedly the most famous dimensionless
parameter in fluid mechanics. It is named in honor of Osborne Reynolds (1842–1912), a




British engineer who first demonstrated that this combination of variables could be used as a criterion
to distinguish between laminar and turbulent flow. In most fluid flow problems there will
be a characteristic length, and a velocity, V, as well as the fluid properties of density, and
viscosity, which are relevant variables in the problem. Thus, with these variables the Reynolds
number
Reynolds Number Description
Reynolds Number


arises naturally from the dimensional analysis. The Reynolds number is a measure of the ratio of
the inertia force on an element of fluid to the viscous force on an element. When these two types
of forces are important in a given problem, the Reynolds number will play an important role. However,
if the Reynolds number is very small xthis is an indication that the viscous forces
are dominant in the problem, and it may be possible to neglect the inertial effects; that is, the density
of the fluid will not be an important variable. Flows at very small Reynolds numbers are commonly
referred to as “creeping flows”. Conversely, for large Reynolds
number flows, viscous effects are small relative to inertial effects and for these cases it may be
possible to neglect the effect of viscosity and consider the problem as one involving a “nonviscous”
fluid. This type of problem is considered in detail in Sections 6.4 through 6.7. An example
of the importance of the Reynolds number in determining the flow physics is shown in the figure
in the margin for flow past a circular cylinder at two different Re values




Peoples

By : Asad Ali Arshad




Why some people quit their job???
Generally , people may think that the reason behind quitting a job could be only for financials .but there are other reasons why employees quit their Job.   Many organizations now started to focus on employees' retention as retention strategies are important to help creating a positive work environment and strengthen an employee's commitment to the organization.
why people quit their job Some reasons why employees quit their job (Credit to : Susan M. Heathfield ,The balance ) 1. Relationship With the Boss 2. Bored and Unchallenged by the Work Itself 3. Relationships With Coworkers​​ 4. Opportunities to Use Their Skills and Abilities 5. Contribution of Their Work to the Organization’s Business Goals 6. Autonomy and Independence on the Job 7. Meaningfulness of the Employee's Job 8. Knowledge About Your Organization’s Financial Stability 9. Overall Corporate Culture 10. Management’s Recognition of Employee Job Performance 11.Work-life imbalance 12.Lack of decision-making 13. No career progression and growth opportunities not available .  Do you think of any other reasons for employees to quit their job . please share your thoughts




Thermodynamics

By : Asad Ali Arshad
Thermodynamics Chapter no 6
Thermodynamics Chapter no 5

chapter 6.pdf

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Chapter No 6: The Second Law of Thermodynamics
We discussed the following topic in the above slides..
Introduction to second law
Thermal Energy Reservoir
Heat Engines
Refrigeration and Heat Pumps
The Second Law of thermodynamics : Clausius Statement
Equivalence of two statements
Perpetual-motion machines
Reversible and Irreversible processes
The Carnot Cycle
The Carnot Principle
The thermodynamics temperature scale
The Carnot Heat Engine
The Quality of Energy
Combined Gas-Steam Power Plants
Solar Pond


Hi Robo Tec

By : Asad Ali Arshad

A one of the best society of Hitec University Taxila, Pakistan.

22nd December marked the end of journey which started in the second Week of February, after the conclusion of Robo Fiesta 17. The idea which looked liked a distant dream came true through constant pursual of not a single person but with the efforts of a team that started with few, ended with many! I would like to thank all those who helped us in achieving our goal that includes HOD Mechanical, my colleagues, Admin, DSA, students and above All Hi Robo Tec team.I was overwhelmed with the effort that was put in by the team who slept on floor to make it a successful event!
Albeit there is always a room of improvement and lessons to be learned but this is just the start and its always difficult to take the first step!!
Although the two days were so hectic that it is even hard for me to believe that yes i have a house and a room where i have a bed and where i can sleep but the entire tiredness is wept away by a message from a 4th Grade student who after seeing the event is so excited that the first thing on next morning he wants, is to build his own Robot ðŸ™‚ .
I hope its just the start and one day in sha Allah we will reach a level where we will be trend setters instead of trend followers!!
Together we can do it in sha Allah!!
#Hitec #HiRoboTec #RoboFiesta’17

Shehbaz Khan Faculty Head Hi Robo Tec Hitec University Taxila, Pakistan

Material Science and Engineering

By : Asad Ali Arshad
Material Science and Engineering Lecture 10
Lecture no 10

2k16-MSE Lec-10 Composite Materials.pdf 

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In this lecture we will discussed the Composite Material. All of the below mentioned topics are discussed in detail in the above slides.

  • Composite Material Introduction
  • Natural Composite ( Wood, Bone etc)
  • Example for requirement
  • Steel vs Composite
  • Defining Composite Material 
  • Composite Material Advantage
  • Composite Material Disadvantage
  • Types of Composite Material
  • Particles Reinforced Composites (Including Examples also)
  • Fiber Reinforced Composite
  • Interface and Interphase
  • Selection of fibers for Fiber-Reinforced Composite
  • Influence of Fiber Length on Composite
  • Elastic Behavior of Composites
  • Influence of Fibers Length on Composite
  • Structural Composite
  • Composite Failure
  • Fiber-Matrix Debonding
  • Micro Buckling
  • Kink Band
  • Cone of Fracture
  • Composite Manufacturing Processes





Material Science and Engineering

By : Asad Ali Arshad




Material Science and Engineering Lecture 9
Lecture no 9 Rubber

2K16-MSE Lec-9 Industrial Rubber.pdf

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In this lecture we will discussed about the Rubber Products. All of the below mentioned topic are discussed in detail in the given slides.

  • Natural Rubber Introduction:  Elastomers, Widespread Use ( In vehicle, war equipment, Industries, Medical Equipment, House hold items, Specific Purposes)
  • Natural Rubber History
  • Natural Rubber Origin 
  • Latex
  • Natural Rubber Production
  • Latex to Rubber Processing Summary
  • Processing of Natural Rubber (Latex Processing)
  • Aging of Natural Rubber
  • Natural Rubber Storage Recommendations
  • Difference between Plastic and Rubber
  • Acrylic, Butadiene, Butyl, Chlorinated Polyethylene, Polyurethane, Silicone, Styrene Butadiene.
  • Rubber Processing and Shaping
  • Failure of Rubber Products
  • Industrial Rubber 





Thermodynamics

By : Asad Ali Arshad
Thermodynamics Lecture no 5
Thermodynamics

Chapter no 5:   Mass Energy Analysis of Control Volume

chapter 5.pdf

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In this chapter we will discussed the following topics in detail:

  • Energy Analysis of Steady flow
  • First law of thermodynamics for a Control Volume under steady flow
  • Mass and Energy balance for a steady-flow Process
  • Some Steady flow Engineering Devices
  • Turbines and Compressor
  • Throttling value
  • Heat Exchanger




Mechanics of Material

By : Asad Ali Arshad




In these slides following topic of the chapter no 2 are discussed in detail these are:


chap-2 (1).pdf 

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  • Stress and Strain : Axial loading
  • Normal Strain 
  • Stress Strain Curve
  • Stress Strain Diagram: Ductile Material 
  • Stress Strain Diagram: Brittle Material 
  • Hooks Law Modulus of Elasticity
  • Fatigue
  • Deformation under Axial loading
  • Generlized Hooks law
  • Bulk Modulus
  • Shearing Strain
  • Relation among E, v and G
  • Composite Material
  • Saint-Venant's principle
  • Stress Concentration Hole
  • Stress Concentration fillet
  • Elastoplastic Material 
  • Residual Stresses
  • Poisson's Ratio

Mechanics of Material

By : Asad Ali Arshad

The content of this chapter are given below. All these topics are discussed in detail in the given slides and also alot of sample problems are solved for the convince of student.

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  • Concept of Stress
  • Review of Statics
  • Structure Free-Body Diagram
  • Component Free-Body Diagram
  • Method of Joints
  • Stress Analysis
  • Design
  • Axial Loading: Normal Stress
  • Centric & Eccentric Loading
  • Shearing Stress
  • Shearing Stress Examples
  • Bearing Stress in Connections
  • Stress Analysis & Design Example
  • Rod & Boom Normal Stresses
  • Pin Shearing Stresses
  • Pin Bearing Stresses
  • Stress in Two Force Members
  • Stress on an Oblique Plane
  • Maximum Stresses
  • Stress Under General Loadings
  • State of Stress
  • Factor of Safety

Engineering Dynamics

By : Asad Ali Arshad


Engineering Dynamics lec 12.pptx

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The Product of force and time is defined as the linear inpulse of the force and the equation given in slide 5 according to that equation the total linear impulse on m equals the corresponding change in linear momentum.
For further detail of this lecture used the above slides.

Engineering Dynamics

By : Asad Ali Arshad

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In these slides we discuss the following topics:
The concept of relative motion will be applied to rigid body kinematics
Earlier the relation for motion relative to translating axis were developed in chapter no 2 and the relative velocity equation was applied to the motion of 2 particles A and B as below.
For further detail of this chapter please read the slides. Also we will discuss the following topics
Relative motion due to rotation.
Relation of Relative motion
Interpretation of relative velocity equation
and we solved the sample problem 5/7, 5/8



Engineering Dynamics

By : Asad Ali Arshad

Engineering Dynamics lec 13.pptx

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In chapter of particles kinematics the relation for displacement, velocity and acceleration of the points as they move along a straight line or curved path were developed.
In here the same relationships will be used but also account for rotational displacements, velocities and acceleration.
Also we will discuss the following topics:
Rigid Body Assumption
Plane Motion
Translation
Rotation
General Plane motion and summary
Angular motion relation
Rotation with constant angular motion
Rotation about a fixed axis
and we solved sample problem 5/1.

Engineering Dynamics

By : Asad Ali Arshad

Engineering Dynamics lec 14.pptx

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In this chapter we will discuss the Absolute Motion and solved some of the problems related to chapter no 5.

  • The approach of absolute motion analysis will be developed to describe the plane kinematics of rigid body
  • The relation would be for rigid body motion, however the defining geometric relations include both linear and angular variables and therefore the time derivative of these quantities involve both linear and angular velocities and linear and angular acceleration.
We will solved the following problems in these slides:
 Sample problem 5/4, 5/6, 



Mechanics of Material

By : Asad Ali Arshad

chap-4.pdf

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In these slides we will discuss the chapter no 4 of mechanics of material which is related to the concepts of "Pure Bending". The aim of teaching this chapter are

Introduce students to bending behavior
Define the deformations, strains, and normal stresses in beams subject
to pure bending
Describe the behavior of composite beams made of more than one
material
Review stress concentrations and how they are included in the design
of beams
Study plastic deformations to determine how to evaluate beams made
of Elastoplast materials
Analyze members subject to eccentric axial loading, involving both
axial stresses and bending stresses
Review beams subject to unsymmetrical bending, i.e., where bending
does not occur in a plane of symmetry
Study bending of curved members
The content of this chapters are:

  • Pure Bending
  • Other Loading Types
  • Symmetric Member in Pure Bending
  • Bending Deformations
  • Strain Due to Bending
  • Beam Section Properties
  • Properties of American Standard Shapes
  • Deformations in a Transverse Cross Section
  • Sample Problem 4.2
  • Bending of Members Made of Several
  • Materials
  • Example 4.03
  • Reinforced Concrete Beams
  • Sample Problem 4.4
  • Stress Concentrations
  • Plastic Deformations
  • Members Made of an Elastoplastic Material
  • Example 4.03
  • Reinforced Concrete Beams
  • Sample Problem 4.4
  • Stress Concentrations
  • Plastic Deformations
  • Members Made of an Elastoplastic Material
  • Plastic Deformations of Members With a Single
  • Plane of S...
  • Residual Stresses
  • Example 4.05, 4.06
  • Eccentric Axial Loading in a Plane of Symmetry
  • Example 4.07
  • Sample Problem 4.8
  • Unsymmetric Bending
  • Example 4.08
  • General Case of Eccentric Axial Loading
  • 4 -


Mechanics of Material

By : Asad Ali Arshad
In these slides we will cover the following topics

chap-3.pdf

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  • Introduction
  • Torsional Loads on Circular Shafts
  • Net Torque Due to Internal Stresses
  • Axial Shear Components
  • Shaft Deformations
  • Shearing Strain
  • Stresses in Elastic Range
  • Normal Stresses
  • Torsional Failure Modes
  • Sample Problem 3.1
  • Angle of Twist in Elastic Range
  • Statically Indeterminate Shafts
  • Sample Problem 3.4
  • Design of Transmission Shafts
  • Stress Concentrations
  • Plastic Deformations
  • Elastoplastic Materials
  • Residual Stresses
  • Example 3.08/3.09
  • Torsion of Noncircular Members
  • Thin-Walled Hollow Shafts

  • Introduce students to the concept of torsion in structural members and machine parts.
  • Define shearing stresses and strains in a circular shaft subject to
  • torsion
  • Define angle of twist in terms of the applied torque, geometry of
  • the shaft, and material
  • Use torsional deformations to solve indeterminate problems
  • Design shafts for power transmission
  • Review stress concentrations and how they are included in torsion
  • problems
  • Describe the elastic-perfectly plastic response of circular shafts
  • Analyze torsion for noncircular members
  • Define the behavior of thin-walled hollow shafts

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